## GeMS validation of WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1.gdb

File written by GeMS_ValidateDatabase.py, version of 10/18/2023
Wed Jan 31 10:43:52 2024
Runtime parameters
Database path: P:\Baraboo_Precambrian_Map2017\ArcGIS\Durwoods Glen quad\Durward_Glen_GeMS\Durwards_Glen_submittal\WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1-submittal\WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1\WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1-database\WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1.gdb
Output directory: P:\Baraboo_Precambrian_Map2017\ArcGIS\Durwoods Glen quad\Durward_Glen_GeMS\Durwards_Glen_GeMS_Pro\validations
Metadata file: None
Check embedded metadata: False
Skip topology check: False
Refresh GeoMaterialDict: False
Delete extra rows in Glossary and DataSources: False
Compact GDB: True
This database is LEVEL 3 COMPLIANT.
Check Metadata option was skipped. Be sure to have prepared valid metadata and check this option to produce a complete report.
This file should be accompanied by WI_2024_OFR2024-02_1_1.gdb-ValidationErrors.html and a metadata summary from mp in the same directory.
If this database will be submitted to the NGMDB, it also needs to be accompanied by a reviewed Geologic Names report that includes identification of any suggested modifications to Geolex. Use the Geologic Names Check tool to generate that report or provide other documentation of a review.
Back to Top

### Contents

Compliance Criteria
Warnings
Content not specified in GeMS schema
Occurrence of MapUnits in DMU, feature datasets, or geopackage tables
Contents of Nonspatial Tables
DataSources
DescriptionOfMapUnits
Glossary
MiscellaneousMapInformation
Database Inventory

### Compliance Criteria

#### LEVEL 1

Criteria for a LEVEL 1 GeMS database are:

- No overlaps or internal gaps in map-unit polygon layer
- Contacts and faults in single feature class
- Map-unit polygon boundaries are covered by contacts and faults lines

Databases with a variety of schema may meet these criteria. This script cannot confirm LEVEL 1 compliance.

#### LEVEL 2--MINIMALLY COMPLIANT

A LEVEL 2 GeMS database is accompanied by a peer-reviewed Geologic Names report, including identification of suggested modifications to Geolex, and meets the following criteria:

2.1 Has required elements: nonspatial tables DataSources, DescriptionOfMapUnits, GeoMaterialDict; feature dataset GeologicMap with feature classes ContactsAndFaults and MapUnitPolys | PASS
2.2 Required fields within required elements are present and correctly defined | PASS
2.3 All MapUnitPolys and ContactsAndFaults based feature classes obey Level 2 topology rules: no internal gaps or overlaps in MapUnitPolys, boundaries of MapUnitPolys are covered by ContactsAndFaults | PASS
2.4 All map units in MapUnitPolys have entries in DescriptionOfMapUnits table | PASS
2.5 No duplicate MapUnit values in DescriptionOfMapUnit table | PASS
2.6 Certain field values within required elements have entries in Glossary table | PASS
2.7 No duplicate Term values in Glossary table | PASS
2.8 All xxxSourceID values in required elements have entries in DataSources table | PASS
2.9 No duplicate DataSources_ID values in DataSources table | PASS

#### LEVEL 3--FULLY COMPLIANT

A LEVEL 3 GeMS database meets these additional criteria:

3.1 Table and field definitions beyond Level 2 conform to GeMS schema | PASS
3.2 All MapUnitPolys and ContactsAndFaults based feature classes obey Level 3 topology rules: No ContactsAndFaults overlaps, self-overlaps, or self-intersections. | PASS
3.3 No missing required values | PASS
3.4 No missing terms in Glossary | PASS
3.5 No unnecessary terms in Glossary | PASS
3.6 No missing sources in DataSources | PASS
3.7 No unnecessary sources in DataSources | PASS
3.8 No map units without entries in DescriptionOfMapUnits | PASS
3.9 No unnecessary map units in DescriptionOfMapUnits | PASS
3.10 HierarchyKey values in DescriptionOfMapUnits are unique and well formed | PASS
3.11 All values of GeoMaterial are defined in GeoMaterialDict. GeoMaterialDict is as specified in the GeMS standard | PASS
3.12 No duplicate _ID values | PASS
3.13 No zero-length, whitespace-only, or bad null values | PASS

### Warnings

There are 0 warnings

### Content not specified in GeMS schema

Some of the extensions to the GeMS schema identified here may be necessary to capture geologic content and are entirely appropriate. Please document these extensions in metadata for the database, any accompanying README file, and (if applicable) any transmittal letter that accompanies the dataset. Other extensions may be intermediate datasets, fields, or files that should be deleted before distribution of the database.

#### Fields

Glossary, TermSrcFld
Glossary, TermSrcFC
DescriptionOfMapUnits, LegendDescription
ContactsAndFaults, LegendText
GeologicLines, LegendText
OrientationPoints, LegendText
GeologicPoints, StationID
GeologicPoints, LegendText

#### Tables

GeologicPoints

### Occurrence of MapUnit in DMU, feature datasets, or geopackage tables

MapUnit | DescriptionOfMapUnits | GeologicMap
--- | --- | ---
Qsc | X | X
Xbuc | X | X
Qt | X | X
Ctc | X | X
Qa | X | X
Xblc | X | X
Qth | X | X
Osp | X | X
Xblq | X | X
Qws | X | X
OCpg | X | X
Qad | X | X
Cem | X | X
Xr | X | X
Qam | X | X
Qts | X | X
Cj | X | X
Opc | X | X
Csl | X | X
Qalo | X | X
Qp | X | X
w | X | X
Xbqp | X | X

### Contents of Nonspatial Tables

#### DataSources

OBJECTID | Source | Notes | URL | DataSources_ID
--- | --- | --- | --- | ---
9 | Neuendorf, Klaus; Mehl, James P., Jr; and Jackson, Julia A., eds., 2005, Glossary of geology (fifth ed.): Alexandria, VA, American Geosciences Institute, 779 p. | None | https://www.americangeosciences.org | AGI_2005
4 | Stewart, E.D., Stewart, E.K., Walker, A., & Zambito, J.J., IV, 2018, Revisiting the Paleoproterozoic Baraboo interval in southern Wisconsin: Evidence for syn–depositional tectonism along the south–central margin of Laurentia: Precambrian Research, v. 314, p. 221–239. | None | None | Baraboo_Tectonism_Stewart_etal_2018
21 | Geologic Map of Durward's Glen 7.5-Minute Quadrangle, Sauk and Columbia Counties, Wisconsin. Stewart, E.D., Stewart, E.K. 2024. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. Map. Scale 1:24,000. | None | https://doi.org/10.54915/tbkd9460 | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024
1 | Federal Geographic Data Committee [prepared for the Federal Geographic Data Committee by the U.S. Geological Survey], 2006, FGDC Digital Cartographic Standard for Geologic Map Symbolization: Reston, Va., Federal Geographic Data Committee Document Number FGDC-STD-013-2006, 290 p., 2 plates. | None | https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/fgdc_gds/geolsymstd.php | FGDC-STD-013-2006
8 | U.S. Geological Survey National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program, 2020, GeMS (Geologic Map Schema), A standard format for the digital publication of geologic maps: U.S. Geological Survey Techniques and Methods, book 11, chap. B10, 74 p. | None | https://doi.org//10.3133/tm11B10 | GeMS_2020
5 | U.S. Geological Survey, National Hydrography Dataset Hi-Res hydro data, 2016-2017 | None | None | USGS_NHDhires_2017
6 | U.S. Geological Survey, The National Map digital data, US TOPO map series, 2016–17 | None | https://www.nationalmap.gov | USGS_USTOPO_2017

#### DescriptionOfMapUnits

OBJECTID | MapUnit | Name | FullName | Age | Description | HierarchyKey | ParagraphStyle | Label | Symbol | AreaFillRGB | AreaFillPatternDescription | DescriptionSourceID | GeoMaterial | GeoMaterialConfidence | DescriptionOfMapUnits_ID | LegendDescription
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | None | Quaternary | None | None | None | 001 | Heading2 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0001 | None
2 | None | Organic-rich sediment | Organic-rich sediment | None | None | 001-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0002 | None
3 | Qp | Organic-rich sediment | Organic-rich sediment | Quaternary | Organic-rich, partially decomposed plant material. Found in wet, flat-lying areas. Hooyer and others (2021) estimated typical peat thicknesses of 1 to 5 m in Columbia County. | 001-001-001 | DMU1 | Qp | Qp | (200,198,165) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Peat and muck | High | DMU0003 | Organic-rich, partially decomposed plant material. Found in wet, flat-lying areas. Hooyer and others (2021) estimated typical peat thicknesses of 1 to 5 m in Columbia County.
4 | None | Alluvium | Alluvium | None | None | 001-002 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0004 | None
5 | Qam | Alluvium | Alluvium | Quaternary | Modern fine-grained sand, silt, and clay stream sediment. Larger cobbles and boulders are also present along the flanks of the Baraboo Range. Often formed from reworked Pleistocene glacial sediment. | 001-002-001 | DMU2-1A | Qam | Qam | (232,207,186) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Alluvial sediment | High | DMU0005 | Modern fine-sand, silt, and clay stream sediment. Larger cobbles and boulders are also present along the flanks of the Baraboo Range. Often formed from reworked Pleistocene glacial sediment.
6 | Qalo | Alluvium | Alluvium | Quaternary | Pleistocene glacial lake outlet stream sediment deposited in a channel that incised into Qad (described below). | 001-002-002 | DMU2 | Qalo | Qalo | (219,204,189) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Alluvial sediment | Medium | DMU0006 | Pleistocene glacial lake outlet stream sediment deposited in a channel that incised into Qad.
7 | Qad | Alluvium | Alluvium | Quaternary | Gravel, cobbles, and sand, with boulders reaching 1.5 m. Deposited in foresets reaching 12 m high (Bretz, 1950). Deposited during the initial stages of the draining of glacial Lake Wisconsin at the Alloa outlet (Clayton and Attig, 1989). | 001-002-003 | DMU2 | Qad | Qad | (219,190,151) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Alluvial sediment | High | DMU0007 | Gravel, cobbles, and sand, with boulders reaching 1.5 m. Deposited in foresets reaching 12 m high (Bretz, 1950). Deposited during the initial stages of the draining of glacial Lake Wisconsin at the Alloa outlet (Clayton and Attig, 1989).
8 | None | Meltwater-stream sediment | Meltwater-stream sediment | None | None | 001-003 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0008 | None
9 | Qa | Meltwater-stream sediment | Meltwater-stream sediment | Quaternary | Late Pleistocene gravel and sand deposited by meltwater streams in the Wisconsin River valley, deposited distal from the ice margin. | 001-003-001 | DMU2-1A | Qa | Qa | (231,223,197) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment | Medium | DMU0009 | Late Pleistocene gravel and sand deposits. Deposited largely as meltwater alluvial deposits.
10 | Qsc | Meltwater-stream sediment | Meltwater-stream sediment | Quaternary | Gravel and sand deposited as meltwater stream sediment. Scattered glacial sediment within Qsc becomes more abundant eastward. The unit is generally located adjacent to prominent moraines and is found only in the southwestern portion of the quadrangle. In Sauk County, this unit was previously mapped as collapsed meltwater stream sediment (Clayton and Attig, 1990). In Columbia County, this unit was previously mapped as till of the Holy Hill Formation (Hooyer and others, 2021). | 001-003-002 | DMU2 | Qsc | Qsc | (232,224,186) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment | High | DMU0010 | Gravel and sand deposited as meltwater stream sediment. Scattered glacial sediment within Qsc becomes more abundant eastward. The unit is generally located adjacent to prominent moraines, and is found only in the southwestern portion of the quadrangle. In Sauk County, this unit was previously mapped as collapsed meltwater stream sediment (Clayton and Attig, 1990). In Columbia County, this unit was previously mapped as till of the Holly Hill Formation (Hooyer and others, 2021).
11 | None | Windblown sediment | Windblown sediment | None | None | 001-004 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0011 | None
12 | Qws | Windblown sediment | Windblown sediment | Quaternary | Well sorted windblown sand deposited in sheets and 3D dunes with approximately 2.5 m of relief. | 001-004-001 | DMU1 | Qws | Qws | (245,245,209) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Dune sand | High | DMU0012 | Well sorted windblown sand deposited in sheets and 3D dunes with approximately 2.5 m. of relief.
13 | None | Glacial sediment | Glacial sediment | None | None | 001-005 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0013 | None
14 | None | Glacial sediment | Glacial sediment | None | Composed of poorly sorted boulder, cobble, sand, silt, and clay deposited by the Green Bay Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet near the end of the Pleistocene (Carson and others, 2020). Part of the Horicon member of the Holy Hill Formation (Syverson and others, 2011). | 001-005-001 | DMU1 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0014 | Composed of poorly sorted boulder, cobble, sand, silt, and clay deposited by the Green Bay Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet near the end of the Pleistocene (Carson and others, 2020). Part of the Horicon member of the Holy Hill Formation (Syverson and others, 2011).
15 | Qt | Glacial sediment | Glacial sediment | Quaternary | Topography is locally controlled by underlying bedrock. The unit contains numerous bedrock-cored and sediment-cored drumlins. | 001-005-002 | DMU2 | Qt | Qt | (228,236,204) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Glacial till | High | DMU0015 | Topography is controlled by underlying bedrock where unit is thin. The unit contains numerous bedrock cored and sediment cored drumlins.
16 | Qth | Glacial sediment | Glacial sediment | Quaternary | Hummocky topography with kettle lakes and ponds common. | 001-005-003 | DMU2 | Qth | Qth | (205,219,158) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Glacial till | High | DMU0016 | Hummocky topography with common kettle lakes and ponds.
17 | Qts | Glacial sediment | Glacial sediment | Quaternary | Largely lake sediment deposited as part of the East Baraboo Basin of Glacial Lake Wisconsin (Clayton and Attig, 1990). The unit is only found adjacent to Rowley Creek at the western edge of the map area. May contain some till. | 001-005-004 | DMU2 | Qts | Qts | (222,235,217) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Ice-contact and ice-marginal sediment | High | DMU0017 | Largely lake sediment deposited as part of the East Baraboo Basin of Glacial Lake Wisconsin (Clayton and Attig, 1990). May contain some till.
18 | None | Ordovician | Ordovician | None | None | 002 | Heading2-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0018 | None
19 | None | St. Peter Formation | St. Peter Formation | None | None | 002-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0019 | None
20 | Osp | St. Peter Formation | St. Peter Formation | Ordovician | White, tan, and orange, dominantly fine- to medium-grained sandstone with minor coarse sand grains. Moderately poor sorting. The St. Peter Formation is well exposed at Pine Bluff in the interior of the Baraboo Ranges. Quartz overgrowths are well developed at the top of the bluff, forming a resistant cap. Deformation bands are also abundant in the upper 3 m of exposure at Pine Bluff. Cm-scale, purple goethitic clusters and bands after iron sulfide are common, often at the boundaries of deformation band swarms. Approximately 50 m of section is exposed at Pine Bluff. | 002-001-001 | DMU1 | Osp | Osp | (181,161,186) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sandstone | High | DMU0020 | White, tan, and orange, dominantly fine- to medium-grained sandstone with some minor coarse sand grains. Moderately poor sorting. The St. Peter Formation is well exposed at Pine Bluff in the interior of the Baraboo Ranges. Quartz overgrowths are well developed at the top of the bluff, forming a resistant cap. Deformation bands are also abundant in the upper 3 m of exposure at Pine Bluff. Cm-scale, purple goethitic clusters and bands after iron sulfide are common, often at the boundaries of deformation band swarms. Approximately 50 m of section is exposed at Pine Bluff.
21 | None | Prairie du Chien Group | Prairie du Chien Group | None | None | 002-002 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0021 | None
22 | Opc | Prairie du Chien Group | Prairie du Chien Group | Ordovician | Light-gray, coarse-grained crystalline dolomite to sandy dolomite. Chert is common. Bedding varies from laminated, to thin-bedded, to massive. Vugs are common. Stromatolites were observed in the interior of the Baraboo Ranges. The thickness of the unit is variable due to the unconformable contact with the St. Peter Formation. | 002-002-001 | DMU1 | Opc | Opc | (214,194,202) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Dolomite | Medium | DMU0022 | Light gray, coarse-grained crystalline dolomite to sandy dolomite. Chert is common. Bedding varies from laminated, to thin-bedded, to massive. Vugs are common. Stromatolites were observed in the interior of the Baraboo Ranges. The thickness of the unit is variable due to the unconformable contact with the Ancel Group.
23 | None | Ordovician to Cambrian | Ordovician to Cambrian | None | None | 003 | Heading2-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0023 | None
24 | None | Parfreys Glen Formation | Parfreys Glen Formation | None | None | 003-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0024 | None
25 | OCpg | Parfreys Glen Formation | Parfreys Glen Formation | Ordovician to Cambrian | Pink to tan conglomerate and fine- to medium-grained quartz sandstone. Baraboo Quartzite boulders, cobbles and pebbles are the primary clasts in conglomeratic beds. Glauconite and burrows are present in some sandstone beds. The Parfreys Glen Formation drapes Cambrian to Ordovician topographic highs. Its thickness is variable, and it laterally grades into typical Cambrian to Ordovician stratigraphic units. | 003-001-001 | DMU1 | OꞒpg | OꞒpg | (180,135,136) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Clastic sedimentary rock | High | DMU0025 | Pink to tan conglomerate and fine- to medium-grained quartz sandstone. Baraboo Quartzite boulders, cobbles and pebbles are the primary clasts in conglomeratic beds. Glauconite and burrows are present in some sandstone beds. The Parfreys Glen Formation drapes Cambrian to Ordovician topographic highs. Its thickness is variable, and it laterally grades into typical Cambrian to Ordovician stratigraphic units.
26 | None | Ordovician to Cambrian undivided sedimentary rocks | Ordovician to Cambrian undivided sedimentary rocks | None | None | 003-002 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0026 | None
27 | None | Ordovician to Cambrian undivided sedimentary rocks | Ordovician to Cambrian undivided sedimentary rocks | Ordovician to Cambrian | Cross section only. Undivided Ordovician to Cambrian dolomite, shale, and sandstone. | 003-002-001 | DMU1 | OꞒu | OꞒu | (204,122,120) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sedimentary rock | High | DMU0027 | Cross section only. Undivided Ordovician to Cambrian dolomite, shale, and sandstone.
28 | None | Cambrian | Cambrian | None | None | 004 | Heading2-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0028 | None
29 | None | Jordan Formation | Jordan Formation | None | None | 004-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0029 | None
30 | Cj | Jordan Formation | Jordan Formation | Cambrian | Tan to light brown, fine- to coarse-grained quartz arenite. The upper Jordan sometimes contains a dolomite cement (Wanenmacher, 1932). Grains are generally well-rounded and well to moderately sorted. Crossbedding is common. Clay laminations and Skolithos trace fossils occur locally (Wanenmacher, 1932). The unit is approximately 20 m thick. | 004-001-001 | DMU1 | Ꞓj | Ꞓj | (227,189,185) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sandstone | High | DMU0030 | Tan to light brown, fine- to coarse-grained quartz arenite. The upper Jordan sometimes contains a dolomite cement (Wanenmacher, 1932). Grains are generally well-rounded and well- to moderately sorted. Crossbedding is common. Clay laminations and Skolithos trace fossils occur locally (Wanenmacher, 1932). The unit is approximately 20 m thick.
31 | None | St. Lawrence Formation | St. Lawrence Formation | None | None | 004-002 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0031 | None
32 | Csl | St. Lawrence Formation | St. Lawrence Formation | Cambrian | White to tan, fine-grained carbonate cemented sandstone. The St. Lawrence Formation is poorly exposed largely due to burial by glacial sediment. Southeast of the Durwards Glen quadrangle near Lodi, the St. Lawrence transitions into a purple to tan carbonate-cemented siltstone and gray dolomite. The unit is approximately 20 m thick. | 004-002-001 | DMU1 | Ꞓsl | Ꞓsl | (218,168,168) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sandstone and mudstone | Medium | DMU0032 | White to tan, fine-grained carbonate cemented sandstone. The St. Lawrence Formation is poorly exposed largely due to burial by glacial sediment. Southeast of the Durwards Glen quadrangle near Lodi, the St. Lawrence transitions into a purple to tan carbonate-cemented siltstone and gray dolomite. The unit is approximately 20 m thick.
33 | None | Tunnel City Formation | Tunnel City Formation | None | None | 004-003 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0033 | None
34 | Ctc | Tunnel City Formation | Tunnel City Formation | Cambrian | White to light brown, fine- to medium-grained sandstone. Near the Baraboo Ranges, quartzite pebbles are common. The Tunnel City Formation contains carbonate-cemented sandstone, sometimes with trace glauconite, interbedded with clean quartz sandstone. Some beds also contain hematite cement. Crossbedding is common. Bedsets are typically tens of cm-thick. Crinoids were observed at the west end of Petra Road. The unit is approximately 30 to 45 m thick. | 004-003-001 | DMU1 | Ꞓtc | Ꞓtc | (199,164,147) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sandstone | High | DMU0034 | White to light brown, fine- to medium-grained sandstone. Near the Baraboo Ranges, quartzite pebbles are common. The Tunnel City Formation contains carbonate-cemented sandstone, sometimes with trace glauconite, interbedded with clean quartz sandstone. Some beds also contain hematite cement. Crossbedding is common. Bedsets are typically tens of cm thick. Crinoids were observed at the base of Petra Road. The unit is approximately 30 to 45 m thick.
35 | None | Elk Mound Group | Elk Mound Group | None | None | 004-004 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0035 | None
36 | Cem | Elk Mound Group | Elk Mound Group | Cambrian | Tan to white, fine- to coarse-grained quartz arenite. The unit is poorly exposed. Most exposures are probably part of the Wonewac Formation. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, quartz grains in the upper Elk Mound Group are typically moderately to well sorted, and well rounded (Stewart and others, 2021a). The Elk Mound Group is absent from higher elevation portions of the Baraboo Ranges, but full thicknesses can be greater than 100 m in the interior. Outside of the Baraboo Ranges, the thickness of the Elk Mound Group increases rapidly. Original thicknesses of around 150 m are inferred near the town of Merrimac, but part of the section has been eroded away. | 004-004-001 | DMU1 | Ꞓem | Ꞓem | (207,183,171) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Mostly sandstone | High | DMU0036 | Tan to white, fine- to coarse-grained quartz arenite. The unit is poorly exposed. Most exposures are probably part of the Wonewoc Formation. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, quartz grains in the upper Elk Mound Group are typically moderately to well sorted, and well rounded (Stewart and others, 2021a). The Elk Mound Group is absent from higher elevation portions of the Baraboo Ranges, but full thicknesses can be greater than 100 m in the interior. Outside of the Baraboo Ranges, the thickness of the Elk Mound Group increases rapidly. Original thicknesses of around 150 m are inferred near the town of Merrimac, but part of the section has been eroded away.
37 | None | Mesoproterozoic | Mesoproterozoic | None | None | 005 | Heading2-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0037 | None
38 | None | Dake Quartzite and Rowley Creek Slate | Dake Quartzite and Rowley Creek Slate | None | None | 005-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0038 | None
39 | None | Dake Quartzite and Rowley Creek Slate | Dake Quartzite and Rowley Creek Slate | Mesoproterozoic | Combined, cross section only. The Dake Quartzite is a white, fine-grained quartzite to red-brown pebble (meta) conglomerate. Red-brown, iron-rich conglomerate is focused near the base of the unit, which lies unconformably over the ferruginous member of the Freedom Formation. Geiger (1986) reported kaolinite-rich clasts in core that were interpreted to represent weathered detrital feldspars. Outcrop exposure of the Dake Quartzite, however, shows no evidence of detrital feldspar. The thickness of the Dake Quartzite is estimated to be 65 m based on drill core.            The Rowley Creek Slate is a tan slate that overlies the Dake Quartzite. Drill core indicates a minimum thickness of 45 m. | 005-001-001 | DMU1 | Ydrc | Ydrc | (123,114,156) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Metasedimentary rock | High | DMU0039 | Combined, cross section only. The Dake Quartzite is a white, fine-grained quartzite to red-brown pebble (meta) conglomerate. Red-brown, iron-rich conglomerate is focused near the base of the unit, which lies unconformably over the ferruginous member of the Freedom Formation. Geiger (1986) reported kaolinite-rich clasts in core that were interpreted to represent weathered detrital feldspars. Outcrop exposure of the Dake Quartzite, however, shows no evidence of detrital feldspar. The thickness of the Dake Quartzite is estimated to be 65 m based on drill core.            The Rowley Creek Slate is a tan slate that overlies the Dake Quartzite. Drill core indicates a minimum thickness of 45 m.
40 | None | Paleoproterozoic | Paleoproterozoic | None | None | 006 | Heading2-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0040 | None
41 | None | Freedom Formation | Freedom Formation | None | None | 006-001 | Heading3 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0041 | None
42 | None | Freedom Formation | Freedom Formation | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Cross section only. The Freedom Formation contains a lower ferruginous member and an upper dolomitic member. The ferruginous member contains interbedded iron-rich slate, chert, and minor dolomite. The upper member contains primarily dolomite with minor slate, but the upper member has probably been eroded away in the Durwards Glen quadrangle. The total thickness of the Freedom Formation is probably greater than 300 m, but most of that thickness has been eroded away. | 006-001-001 | DMU1 | Xf | Xf | (202,123,162) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Sedimentary rock | Low | DMU0042 | Cross section only. The Freedom Formation contains a lower ferruginous member and an upper dolomitic member. The ferruginous member contains interbedded iron-rich slate, chert, and minor dolomite. The upper member contains primarily dolomite with minor slate, but the upper member has probably been eroded away in the Durwards Glen quadrangle. The total thickness of the Freedom Formation is probably greater than 300 m, but most of that thickness has been eroded away.
43 | None | Seeley Slate | Seeley Slate | None | None | 006-002 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0043 | None
44 | None | Seeley Slate | Seeley Slate | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Cross section only. Gray to black slate with minor fine-grained quartzite near the top of the unit (Stewart and others, 2021a). The Seeley Slate is around 90 m thick in the Durwards Glen quadrangle. | 006-002-001 | DMU1 | Xs | Xs | (142,143,144) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Slate and phyllite, of sedimentary-rock origin | High | DMU0044 | Cross section only. Gray to black slate with minor fine-grained quartzite near the top of the unit (Stewart and others, 2021a). The Seeley Slate is around 90 m thick in the Durwards Glen quadrangle.
45 | None | Baraboo Quartzite | Baraboo Quartzite | None | None | 006-003 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0045 | None
46 | None | Upper quartzite and metapelite member | Upper quartzite and metapelite member | None | None | 006-003-001 | Heading4 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0046 | None
47 | Xbqp | Upper quartzite and metapelite member | Upper quartzite and metapelite member | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite. The member is poorly exposed in the Durwards Glen quadrangle. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, it typically contains interbedded black to gray metapelite and sandy metapelite that varies from 10 cm to 6 m in thickness. Metapelite typically becomes progressively more abundant stratigraphically higher in the unit. Quartzite is composed of clean quartz sand. Trough crossbedding is common in the unit elsewhere, but the quartzite is heavily recrystallized in the map area and bedding is difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a wave and tide influenced medial to distal delta front depositional environment for the member. The full thickness of the unit is not exposed, but cross sections suggest a thickness of around 275 to 335 m. | 006-003-001-001 | DMU1 | Xbqp | Xbqp | (195,174,167) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Quartzite | High | DMU0047 | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite. The member is poorly exposed in the Durwards Glen quadrangle. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, it typically contains interbedded black to gray metapelite and sandy metapelite that varies from 10 cm to 6 m in thickness. Metapelite typically becomes progressively more abundant stratigraphically higher in the unit. Quartzite is composed of clean quartz sand. Trough crossbedding is common in the unit elsewhere, but the quartzite is heavily recrystallized in the map area and bedding is difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a wave and tide influenced medial to distal delta front depositional environment for the member. The full thickness of the unit is not exposed, but cross sections suggest a thickness of around 275 to 335 m.
48 | None | Upper conglomerate and quartzite member | Upper conglomerate and quartzite member | None | None | 006-003-002 | Heading4-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0048 | None
49 | Xbuc | Upper conglomerate and quartzite member | Upper conglomerate and quartzite member | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite with granule and pebble beds 1 to 3 cm thick. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, pebble beds reach up to 20 cm thick. Pebbles are composed of vein quartz, polycrystalline quartz, and red jasper. Quartzite is composed of clean quartz sand. The member is heavily recrystallized in the Durwards Glen quadrangle, and sedimentary structures are difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a fluvial, wave, and tide influenced proximal to distal delta front depositional environment for the member. The thickness is poorly constrained and may have been tectonically thinned. Thicknesses estimated from cross section range from 475 m to 610 m. | 006-003-002-001 | DMU1 | Xbuc | Xbuc | (174,151,126) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Quartzite | High | DMU0049 | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite with granule and pebble beds 1 to 3 cm thick. Elsewhere in the Baraboo Ranges, pebble beds reach up to 20 cm thick. Pebbles are composed of vein quartz, polycrystalline quartz, and red jasper. Quartzite is composed of clean quartz sand. The member is heavily recrystallized in the Durwards Glen quadrangle, and sedimentary structures are difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a fluvial, wave, and tide influenced proximal to distal delta front depositional environment for the member. The thickness is poorly constrained and may have been tectonically thinned. Thicknesses estimated from cross section range from 475 m to 610 m.
50 | None | Lower quartzite member | Lower quartzite member | None | None | 006-003-003 | Heading4-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0050 | None
51 | Xblq | Lower quartzite member | Lower quartzite member | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite. Isolated pebbles and one-pebble-thick lags occur sporadically across the unit. Phyllitic beds, less than 3 cm thick, were observed rarely. Composed of clean quartz sand. Quartz grains are strongly recrystallized in the Durwards Glen quadrangle, and primary sedimentary structures are difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted an aeolian, ephemeral stream, and ephemeral pond environment for the lower quartzite member based on exposures in the North Freedom quadrangle. The estimated thickness of the member based on cross sections is in the range of 460 m to 580 m. | 006-003-003-001 | DMU1 | Xblq | Xblq | (197,184,160) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Quartzite | High | DMU0051 | Pink to purple, fine- to medium-grained quartzite. Isolated pebbles and one pebble thick lags occur sporadically across the unit. Phyllitic beds less than 3 cm thick were observed rarely. Composed of clean quartz sand. Quartz grains are strongly recrystallized in the Durwards Glen quadrangle, and primary sedimentary structures are difficult to observe. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted an aeolian, ephemeral stream, and ephemeral pond environment for the lower quartzite member based on exposures in the North Freedom quadrangle. The estimated thickness of the member based on cross sections is in the range of 460 m to 580 m.
52 | None | Lower conglomerate member | Lower conglomerate member | None | None | 006-003-004 | Heading4-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0052 | None
53 | Xblc | Lower conglomerate member | Lower conglomerate member | Paleoproterozoic or Mesoproterozoic | Pink to purple pebble conglomerate to coarse- to fine-grained quartzite. This member was mapped where conglomerate beds exceed 1 cm in thickness. Framework grains in quartzite beds are composed of pure quartz sand. Conglomerate bed sets are often lenticular in shape. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a fluvial braid plain to delta front depositional environment for the lower conglomerate member. The thickness of the member is interpreted to vary significantly. It is less than 80 m thick at Caledonia Church where rhyolite is exposed, but may be as much as 600 m thick based on isolated outcrops 3.5 km to the southwest. Interfingering of the conglomeratic fluvial facies of the lower conglomerate member with the finer-grained, fluvial to aeolian lower quartzite member is likely responsible for the thickness changes, but poor exposure due to glacial cover makes assessment of the dominant sedimentary facies unclear. An overestimate of the thickness of the lower conglomerate member is possible, though relatively rapid thickness changes in the lower conglomerate member are suggested elsewhere in the South Range (Stewart and others, 2021a, Stewart and Stewart, 2021). | 006-003-004-001 | DMU1 | Xblc | Xblc | (177, 162,139) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Quartzite | High | DMU0053 | Pink to purple pebble conglomerate to coarse- to fine-grained quartzite. This member was mapped where conglomerate beds exceed 1 cm in thickness. Framework grains in quartzite beds are composed of pure quartz sand. Conglomerate bed sets are often lenticular in shape. Stewart and others (2021b) interpreted a fluvial braid plain to delta front depositional environment for the lower conglomerate member. The thickness of the member is interpreted to vary significantly. It is less than 80 m thick at Caledonia Church where rhyolite is exposed, but may be as much as 600 m thick based on isolated outcrops 3.5 km to the southwest. Interfingering of the conglomeratic fluvial facies of the lower conglomerate member with the finer-grained, fluvial to aeolian lower quartzite member is likely responsible for the thickness changes, but poor exposure due to glacial cover makes assessment of the dominant sedimentary facies unclear. An overestimate of the thickness of the lower conglomerate member is possible, though relatively rapid thickness changes in the lower conglomerate member are suggested elsewhere in the South Range (Stewart and others, 2021a, Stewart and Stewart, 2021).
54 | None | Rhyolite | Rhyolite | None | None | 006-004 | Heading3-1A | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | None | None | DMU0054 | None
55 | Xr | Rhyolite | Rhyolite | Paleoproterozoic | Gray to red, flow banded rhyolite. Exposures at Caledonia Church contain angular clasts of plagioclase feldspar and banded rhyolite set within a flow banded matrix. Stark (1932) interpreted the rhyolite as a flow breccia. | 006-004-001 | DMU1 | Xr | Xr | (163,106,158) | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Extrusive igneous material | Medium | DMU0055 | Gray to red, flow banded rhyolite. Exposures at Caledonia Church contain angular clasts of plagioclase feldspar and banded rhyolite set within a flow banded matrix. Stark (1932) interpreted the rhyolite as a flow breccia.
56 | w | Water | Water | None | Water placeholder to avoid GeMS geodatabase check errors. | 007 | DMU1 | None | None | None | None | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | Water or ice | High | DMU0056 | None

#### Glossary

OBJECTID | Term | Definition | DefinitionSourceID | Glossary_ID | TermSrcFld | TermSrcFC
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
1 | certain | Identity of a feature can be determined using relevant observations and scientific judgment; therefore, one can be reasonably confident in the credibility of this interpretation. | FGDC-STD-013-2006 | GLO0001 | None | None
6 | contact | A plane or irregular surface between two types or ages of rock; examples are faults, intrusive borders, bedding planes separating distinct strata, and unconformities. | AGI_2005 | GLO0006 | Type | ContactsAndFaults
90 | core | A full-diameter core is a cylindrical section of rock, usually 5-10 cm in diameter and up to several meters in length, taken as a sample of the interval penetrated by a core bit, and brought to the surface for geologic examination and/or laboratory analysis. | AGI_2005 | GLO0085 | None | None
91 | cross section | A diagram or drawing that shows features transected by a given plane; specifically a vertical section drawn at right angles to the longer axis of a geologic feature, such as the trend of an orebody, the mean direction of flow of a stream, or the axis of a fossil. | AGI_2005 | GLO0086 | None | None
24 | DMU1 | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro 9.25 font, with unit name in bold, followed by a period. Standalone unit, with no other units nested under it. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0024 | None | None
42 | DMU2 | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro 9.25 font, with unit abbreviation in bold, followed by a period. Member of a grouped unit; most often a geolgic formatioin. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0037 | None | None
56 | DMU2-1A | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro 9.25 font, with unit abbreviation in bold, followed by a period. Member of a grouped unit; most often a geolgic formation. Extra space added before text to properly align DMU entries on plate "Explanation' section. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0051 | ParagraphSTyle | DescriptionOfMapUnits
16 | drumlin | A low, smoothly rounded, elongate oval hill, mound, or ridge of compact glacial till or, less commonly, other kinds of drift (sandy till, varved clay), built under the margin of ice and shaped by its flow, or carved out of an older moraine by readvancing ice; its longer axis is parallel to the direction of movement of the ice. It usually has a blunt nose pointing in the direction from which the ice approached, and a gentler slope tapering in the other direction. | AGI_2005 | GLO0016 | Type | GeologicLines
23 | Heading2 | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro, semibold condensed, 18, (136,118,107) | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0023 | None | None
34 | Heading2-1A | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro, semibold condensed, 18, (136,118,107). Extra space added before text to properly align DMU entries on plate "Explanation' section. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0034 | None | None
36 | Heading3 | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro, condensed size 13, (101,121,77) | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0036 | None | None
35 | Heading3-1A | Paragraph Style: Myriad Pro, condensed size 13, (101,121,77). Extra space added before text to properly align DMU entries on plate "Explanation' section. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0035 | None | None
95 | Heading4 | Paragraph Style. Myriad Pro, condensed, size 13.5, (125,107,101). | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0090 | Type | De
96 | Heading4-1A | Paragraph Style. Myriad Pro, condensed, size 13.5, (125,107,101). Extra space added before text to properly align DMU entries on plate "Explanation' section. | Durwards_Glen_Bedrock_Stewart_2024 | GLO0091 | None | None
53 | High | The selected term in the GeoMaterial field (and its definition) adequately characterizes1 the overall lithologic nature of rocks and (or) sediments in the map unit. | GeMS_2020 | GLO0048 | None | DescriptionOfMapUnits
57 | Low | Either (1) the overall lithologic nature of rocks and (or) sediments in this map unit is not adequately classifiable using the available list of GeoMaterial terms (and their definitions), but the selected term is the best available, or (2) this map unit is not sufficiently known enough to confidently assign a GeoMaterial term. | GeMS_2020 | GLO0052 | GeomaterialConfidence | DescriptionOfMapUnits
9 | map boundary | Neat line: The line that surrounds a map, separating the map from the margin. | AGI_2005 | GLO0009 | Type | ContactsAndFaults
55 | Medium | The selected term in the GeoMaterial field (and its definition) generally characterizes the overall lithologic nature of rocks and (or) sediments in the map unit, but one or more significant but minor lithologies are not adequately described by the selected term. | GeMS_2020 | GLO0050 | GeoMaterialConfidence | DescriptionOfMapUnits
82 | moraine | Moraine: a mound, ridge, or other distinct accumulation of unsorted, unstratified glacial drift, prodominately till, deposited chiefly by direct action of glacier ice, in a variety of topographic landforms that are independent of the surface on which the drift lies. | AGI_2005 | GLO0077 | None | GeologicLines
97 | outcrop | That part of a geologic formation or structure that appears at the surface of the Earth. | AGI_2005 | GLO0092 | Type | GeologicPoints
8 | shoreline | The intersection of a specified plane of water with the shore or beach; it migrates with changes of the tide or of the water level. | AGI_2005 | GLO0008 | Type | ContactsAndFaults
64 | strike and dip of bedding | Strike: The direction or trend taken by a structural surface, e.g., a bedding or fault plane, as it intersects the horizontal. Dip: The maxiumum angle that a structural surface, e.g., bedding or fault plane, makes with the horizontal; measured perpendicular to the strike of the structure and in the vertical plane. Bedding surface: A surface, usually conspicuous, within a mass of stratified rocks, representing an original surface of deposition; the surface of separation or interface between two adjacent beds of sedimentary rock. | AGI_2005 | GLO0059 | Type | OrientationPoints
92 | strike and dip of cleavage | Strike: The direction or trend taken by a structural surface, e.g., a bedding or fault plane, as it intersects the horizontal. Dip: The maxiumum angle that a structural surface, e.g., bedding or fault plane, makes with the horizontal; measured perpendicular to the strike of the structure and in the vertical plane. Cleavage: A locally planar fabric in an unmetamorphosed or weakly metamorphosed, fine-grained rock defined by either the tendency of a rock to split in a particular direction, a preferred orientation of crystal planes in mineral grains, or a preferred orientation of inequant grain shapes; it is a product of deformation or metamorphism. | AGI_2005 | GLO0087 | None | None
63 | syncline | A fold of which the core contains the stratigraphically younger rocks; it is generally concave upward. | AGI_2005 | GLO0058 | Type | GeologicLines

#### MiscellaneousMapInformation

OBJECTID | MapProperty | MapPropertyValue | MiscellaneousMapInformation_ID
--- | --- | --- | ---
10 | Series | Open-file report | MMI001
11 | Report Title | Geologic map of the Durwards Glen 7.5-minute quadrangle, Columbia and Sauk Counties, Wisconsin | MMI002
12 | Map Title | Geologic map of the Durwards Glen 7.5-minute quadrangle, Columbia and Sauk Counties, Wisconsin | MMI003
13 | Publication Date | 2024 | MMI004
14 | Scale | 1:24000 | MMI005
15 | Authors | Eric D. Stewart, Esther K. Stewart, and William A. Fitzpatrick | MMI006
16 | Cartography by | Nick Rompa | MMI007
17 | Publisher | Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey | MMI008
18 | Series Number | OFR 2024-02 | MMI009
19 | URL | https://doi.org/10.54915/tbkd9460 | MMI010

### Database Inventory

This summary of database content is provided as a convenience to GIS analysts, reviewers, and others. It is not part of the GeMS compliance criteria.
DataSources, nonspatial table, 7 rows
DescriptionOfMapUnits, nonspatial table, 56 rows
GeoMaterialDict, nonspatial table, 101 rows
Glossary, nonspatial table, 24 rows
MiscellaneousMapInformation, nonspatial table, 10 rows
GeologicMap, feature dataset
CartographicLines, simple polyline feature class, 2 rows
ContactsAndFaults, simple polyline feature class, 318 rows
GeologicLines, simple polyline feature class, 97 rows
MapUnitPolys, simple polygon feature class, 292 rows
OrientationPoints, simple point feature class, 62 rows
GeologicPoints, simple point feature class, 51 rows