Identification_Information:
  Citation:
    Citation_Information:
      Originator: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
      Publication_Date: 20260116
      Title: GIS Data for the Hydrogeologic Atlas of Burnett County, Wisconsin [dataset 1]: Estimated Groundwater Recharge in 2021
      Edition: 1
      Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: GIS data
      Publication_Information:
        Publication_Place: Madison, Wisconsin, USA
        Publisher: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
      Other_Citation_Details: Please see Larger Work citation
      Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.54915/wxef8967
      Larger_Work_Citation:
        Citation_Information:
          Originator: Amy Wiersma
          Originator: Matthew Rehwald
          Originator: Peter Schoephoester
          Originator: Maureen Muldoon
          Originator: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
          Publication_Date: 20260116
          Title: Hydrogeologic Atlas of Burnett County, Wisconsin
          Edition: 1
          Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: publication
          Series_Information:
            Series_Name: Technical Report
            Issue_Identification: 8
          Publication_Information:
            Publication_Place: Madison, Wisconsin
            Publisher: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
          Other_Citation_Details: Suggested citation: Wiersma, A.K., Rehwald, M.J., Schoephoester, P.R., and Muldoon, M.A., 2026, Hydrogeologic atlas of Burnett County, Wisconsin: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey Technical Report 008, 23 p., 2 pls., https://doi.org/10.54915/wxef8967.
          Online_Linkage: https://doi.org/10.54915/wxef8967
  Description:
    Abstract: This raster dataset (bt_recharge_2021) provides the estimated annual groundwater recharge rate in inches per year for the year 2021 for Burnett County, Wisconsin. Groundwater recharge is the amount of precipitation that infiltrates into the ground and reaches the water table. In Burnett County, almost all water-supply needs are met by groundwater, and recharge is critical to maintaining the abundance and quality of groundwater. Groundwater is more susceptible to contamination where recharge rates are high because contaminants may be transported to the groundwater system along with the recharge. Average annual groundwater-recharge rates were estimated using the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) method. Inputs to the SWB model include daily climate records for the model period (2012-2022) and four map data grids for the model extent: topography, soil hydrologic groups, soil water storage, and land use. The year 2021 had the lowest mean recharge rate over the 10-year model period, while the year 2014 (bt_recharge_2014) had the highest mean recharge rate. Another associated dataset provides the mean annual recharge rate over the 10-year model period (bt_recharge_2012_2022). This dataset is a floating point raster with 30-meter resolution (30 m x 30 m grid cells) where each pixel value represents the annual groundwater recharge for 2021 in inches.
    Purpose: This dataset was produced as part of a project to inventory the groundwater resources of Burnett County, Wisconsin. Groundwater is the primary source of drinking water in Burnett County, with most wells completed in the surficial aquifer. The goal of the study was to map the elevation of the water table and identify areas where groundwater is susceptible to contamination. Aspects that influence groundwater susceptibility include the depth to groundwater, the depth to bedrock, the groundwater recharge rate, and the type of surficial materials.  In many parts of Burnett County, the water table is near the land surface and the surficial material is coarse-grained. These physical characteristics make groundwater highly vulnerable to contamination along the St Croix River, in the northern part of the county, and along stream valleys in the southeast part of the county.  The results of this study can be used to inform land-use and water-resource planning
  Time_Period_of_Content:
    Time_Period_Information:
      Single_Date/Time:
        Calendar_Date: 20260116
    Currentness_Reference: publication date
  Status:
    Progress: Complete
    Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: None planned
  Spatial_Domain:
    Bounding_Coordinates:
      West_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.913073
      East_Bounding_Coordinate: -92.021097
      North_Bounding_Coordinate: 46.162269
      South_Bounding_Coordinate: 45.621534
  Keywords:
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: ISO 19115 Topic Category
      Theme_Keyword: geoscientificInformation
    Theme:
      Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Theme_Keyword: hydrogeology
      Theme_Keyword: groundwater
    Place:
      Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None
      Place_Keyword: Wisconsin
      Place_Keyword: Burnett County
  Access_Constraints: None
  Use_Constraints: These data are provided by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS) on an "as is" basis. WGNHS will not be liable for any damages of any kind arising from the use of these data, including, but not limited to direct, indirect, punitive, and consequential. WGNHS makes no warranties on these data, express, implied, statutory, or in any other provision of any agreement or communication, and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
  Point_of_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS)
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 3817 Mineral Point Road
        City: Madison
        State_or_Province: Wisconsin
        Postal_Code: 53705
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-262-1705
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
  Data_Set_Credit: Burnett County provided funding for this project.
  Native_Data_Set_Environment: Esri ArcGIS 13.5.2.57366
Data_Quality_Information:
  Attribute_Accuracy:
    Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Raster cell values indicate the interpreted/modeled groundwater recharge in inches/year. The accuracy of the raster values depends on the accuracy of the input datasets to the model, as well as assumptions and limitations of the model. Please see the accompanying report for more information about methods, results, and limitations.
  Logical_Consistency_Report: Raster cell values were calculated from a hydrologic model. The values are within expected ranges, and show minimal gross anomalies or inconsistencies, either internally or in comparison to input datasets. Please see the accompanying report for more information about methods, results, and limitations.
  Completeness_Report: The extent of the raster dataset covers Burnett County, Wisconsin, except for areas of open-water land use, which are not representable in the soil-water balance method. The input data are sourced from datasets known and available at the time of the study. The accuracy of the raster values depends on the density and accuracy of the input datasets to the model, as well as assumptions and limitations of the model. Please see the accompanying report for more information about methods, results, and limitations.
  Positional_Accuracy:
    Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy:
      Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: The horizontal accuracy of the raster values depends in part on the accuracy of the input datasets to the model. Please see the accompanying report for more information about methods, results, and limitations.
  Lineage:
    Process_Step:
      Process_Description: Average annual groundwater-recharge rates were estimated using the Soil-Water-Balance (SWB) method. Inputs to the SWB model include daily climate records for the model period (2012-2022) and four map data grids for the model extent: topography, soil hydrologic groups, soil water storage, and land use. This dataset is a floating point raster with 30-meter resolution (30 m x 30 m grid cells) where each pixel value represents the mean annual groundwater recharge in inches.
      Process_Date: 2025
Spatial_Data_Organization_Information:
  Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Raster
  Raster_Object_Information:
    Raster_Object_Type: Grid Cell
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
  Overview_Description:
    Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Raster cell values indicate modeled/interpreted rates of groundwater recharge for Burnett County, Wisconsin. Please see the accompanying report for more information about methods, results, and limitations.
    Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: WGNHS
Distribution_Information:
  Distributor:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS)
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 3817 Mineral Point Road
        City: Madison
        State_or_Province: Wisconsin
        Postal_Code: 53705
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-262-1705
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
  Distribution_Liability: These data are provided by the Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey (WGNHS) on an "as is" basis. WGNHS will not be liable for any damages of any kind arising from the use of these data, including, but not limited to direct, indirect, punitive, and consequential. WGNHS makes no warranties on these data, express, implied, statutory, or in any other provision of any agreement or communication, and specifically disclaims any implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
  Standard_Order_Process:
    Digital_Form:
      Digital_Transfer_Information:
        Format_Name: Digital Data
      Digital_Transfer_Option:
        Online_Option:
          Computer_Contact_Information:
            Network_Address:
              Network_Resource_Name: https://doi.org/10.54915/wxef8967
    Fees: None
Metadata_Reference_Information:
  Metadata_Date: 20260116
  Metadata_Contact:
    Contact_Information:
      Contact_Organization_Primary:
        Contact_Organization: Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey
      Contact_Address:
        Address_Type: mailing and physical
        Address: 3817 Mineral Point Road
        City: Madison
        State_or_Province: Wisconsin
        Postal_Code: 53705
      Contact_Voice_Telephone: 608-262-1705
      Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: data@wgnhs.wisc.edu
  Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
  Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998
  Metadata_Time_Convention: local time
